Let’s say you find a picture you like and you want to download it. The other arguments can almost always be set to 0. These arguments represent the URL source and the name of the file after we’ve downloaded it. We’ll get to that soon, but for now, the most important parts are the szURL and szFileName parameters. This makes checking whether the download started much easier. We can see the return type is Long, which means the function will return a whole number. All we have to do is throw this declaration at the top to begin using it.
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All the code needed to access a URL, download the stream of bits and bytes, then structure them back into a file on the hard drive is conveniently wrapped into this single function. Libraries are basically sets of prewritten code, usually optimized by the library developer (Microsoft, for this library). I know this is a rather long function declaration. We can do that by placing this line of code at the top of a VBA module: Before we can use it, we need to declare the function and connect to it from VBA. The URLDownloadToFile function is part of the Windows library urlmon. In this tutorial, we’re going to download files using a Windows function called URLDownloadToFile. This is probably the most common way to download files, but we’re not going to do it this way. There are a number ways to download files using VBA, including using an XMLHTTP request to stream the binary data or text associated with your file, and then using the SaveToFile method to finish saving the downloaded file. Once you finish the tutorial, you’ll be able to easily download URL files yourself. This guide lays out the practical requirements for downloading files from the internet using VBA.
Where it makes sense to explain, we’ll explain, but there are times when we’ll simply gloss over the technical parts and just use the code without much explanation. It contains multiple steps and pieces of code that are outside the general scope of a “downloading files with VBA” tutorial. This tutorial is a little more involved than our recent tutorials. This is automation of a rather dull task, so implementing it hopefully has a positive impact on your work. We might already know these URLs, or we may have to scrape them from the web and parse them.
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In this tutorial, we will learn how to use VBA to programmatically download files based on URLs. It will also make human jobs less boring (assuming we still have jobs). Automation can thrash labor markets while simultaneously exploding productivity and profits.